更新时间:11-25 上传会员:好久不见
分类:机械工程 论文字数:9402 需要金币:1000个
摘要:电梯作为高层建筑的一种交通工具,与人们的生活有着密不可分的纽带关系,随着生活品质的提高,人们对电梯的要求也日益增加,这样,使其得到了广泛的利用以及快速发展,其相应的拖动技术已经达到了调频调速,逻辑控制方面也由现在的PLC控制取代了以前的继电器控制。
本次设计主要介绍了用液压作为动力源,两级液压缸控制电梯的上升和下降,单级缸控制液压电梯的开关门,另外PLC系统作为控制部分的三层液压电梯的特点。软、硬件的设计,根据现实生活中的电梯示意图,以及液压回路图和电控图,设计构思的动作流程图,来作出PLC的控制梯形图,并进一步由梯形图生成指令表,从而达到了用PLC控制液压电梯的效果。
设计的主要任务是将PLC系统运用到液压系统中,通过PLC的控制来使液压电梯实现各楼层的召唤指令,自动和手动开关门,控制电梯的行进方向,在运行过程中对呼叫信号的处理,以及安全报警等功能。
关键词:液压 电梯 PLC控制 自动 安全
ABSTRACT:High-rise building elevator as a means of transport, and people's lives are inextricably ties, along with the improvement of the quality of life, people on the elevator requirements are increasing, so it is widely use and the rapid development of drag its corresponding technology has reached a FM control, logic control PLC control from now also replaced the previous relay control.
This design introduces a hydraulic power source, control of the elevator stage hydraulic cylinder up and down, the single-cylinder controls the hydraulic elevator door switch, the other part of the PLC system layer as the control characteristics of the hydraulic elevator. Hardware and software design, according to a schematic view of the elevator in real life, and a hydraulic circuit diagram and electric diagram of the operation flow chart design ideas to make the control of PLC ladder and further generated by the ladder instruction sheet, so as to achieve with PLC controlled hydraulic lift effect.
The main task is to design the PLC system applied to the hydraulic system, through the PLC control to achieve the hydraulic lift to all floors call instruction, the automatic and manual switch, the control of the direction of travel of the elevator, during operation of the call signal processing , and security alarm.
Keywords: Hydraulic;Lift;PLC control;Automatically;Safety
液压电梯在运行的过程中通过电液伺服阀控制使电梯实现加速度、速度变化,使乘客在搭乘的时候会感觉舒服、安稳。相比于一般的普通电梯,液压电梯有较高的安全性,更好的运行效率,耗能低等一系列的优点。同时,液压电梯安装方便,机房在井道底部附近,不用安装曳引机、控制柜等;维修费用少,以油为介质,起润滑作用,减少各部分的摩擦损耗;对于重载货物,液压电梯的成本较低,有明显的优越性;可用于危险场合,无钢丝绳滑轮和安全钳,不会产生火花,在危险场合下同样可以安装使用;由于其自身提升高度小,输入功率和结构条件的限制,特别适合低层建筑的使用。正因为有这些特殊之处,液压电梯的应用前景非常广阔,在以后的社会发展过程中,其需求量也会逐渐增加。