摘  要:改革开放以来，我国开始加强基层政权建设，推动民主参与和促进社会的整合，实现居民自治。居民作为社区的主人翁，社区建设的参与者，其地位和作用显而易见。然而，在我国社区建设起步较晚的情况下，怎样发挥居民在社区建设中的作用已成为学界探究的重要问题。

　　　本文主要研究居民参与社区建设状况及其存在问题。选取正在进行社区参与行动试点的X社区和以高校资源为依托的Y社区为个案，通过访谈与文献研究相结合的方法，全面了解居民参与意愿、参与途径、参与方式、参与领域及参与程度等方面内容，从而分析居民参与社区建设存在的问题和原因。并分析国外社区管理及居民参与情况,参考我国社区建设相关法律和文件，提出适合我国社区发展的意见和对策,以期为社区建设提供一些有价值的参考。

关键词:社区 社区建设 居民参与

ABSTRACT:Since the reforming and opening up，our country has begun to strengthen the building of grass-roots political power, to promote the democratic participation and social integration, to achieve the residents' self-development in the major cities. Residents as owners in the community, as well as participants in the community building, its position and role are obvious. However, because community building started late in China, how to play the role of residents in community building has become an important issue of academic studies.

　　This paper mainly studies the residents participate in community building status and existing problems. Selecting the ongoing community participating in the operation pilot X community and the Y community that rely on the resources of colleges university resources ,through a combination methods of interviews and literature research, the paper get a comprehensive understanding of residents participate in willingness, participate in the pathway, participatory approach, participate in the field and participate in extent and other content, Accordingly  the paper analyzes the participation of residents existing problems and reasons .And analysis of the foreign community management and the residents participate in situation, refer to the community building in our country related laws and documents, proposed suits our country community development Suggestions and countermeasures, so as to provide some valuable reference for community building.

Key words: The Community; The Community Construction; Resident Participation