【摘  要】在21世纪的今天，随着教育改革的不断推进，合作学习已经成为数学课堂上的一种常见教学方法，成了学生学习数学的重要方式，更好的发展了学生的能力。正是由于被广泛运用，合作学习在教学中被发现存在的问题逐渐显现出来。笔者通过课堂观察发现目前小学数学课堂教学中“合作学习”存在的普遍问题,主要有合作流于形式，合作时间不足，教师评价不全，学生参与不均衡，小组间缺乏有序管理。根据这些问题笔者进行了原因分析，并结合实践提出了提高合作学习实效的策略。主张在小组合作学习中教师要更新教育理念，提高合作教学水平，训练学生的合作技能，处理好独立学习和合作学习的关系，及时表扬和鼓励、增加学生的参与度，形成小组合作学习的评价机制，创造宽松和谐的学习环境。旨在帮助教师更深入地理解合作学习，增强小组合作学习的实效，促进学生的全面发展。

【关键词】  小学数学；合作学习；解决策略

Abstract：Today in the 21st century, with the advance of education reform, cooperative learning has become a common teaching methods in the mathematics classroom, into the way students learn important mathematical and better development of the students ' abilities. It was because they were widely used, is found to problems of cooperative learning in teaching came to the fore. I discovered through classroom observation in mathematics classroom teaching in primary schools at present "cooperative learning" there is a widespread problem, there are cooperation a mere formality, insufficient cooperation, teacher evaluation was incomplete, imbalance in the participation of students, the Panel lacks orderly management. According to the analysis of the causes of these problems I had, and combined with practice: strategies for improving the effectiveness of cooperative learning. Advocate in group cooperation learning in teacher education to update, improve teaching level of cooperation, training of student skills, deal with the relationship between independent learning and cooperative learning, timely praise and encouragement, and increased student participation, formation of group cooperation learning evaluation mechanism, creating a relaxed and harmonious learning environment. Designed to help teachers better understand learning, enhancing the effectiveness of cooperative learning to promote students ' all-round development.

[Keywords]  Primary school mathematics;Cooperative learning;Solving strategy

　　通过本次研究，笔者发现目前小学数学课堂合作学习出现了合作流于形式、合作内容选择不当、合作时间不足、教师评价不全、分工不明、成员参与不均、合作缺乏有序管理等问题。这些问题的存在不利于小学数学课堂合作学习的展开，为提高合作学习的有效性，笔者经过课题研究提出了教师应该更新教育理念、提高合作学习的教学水平、训练学生的合作技能、处理好独立学习和合作学习的关系、及时表扬和鼓励、形成正确的评价机制和创设宽松和谐的学习环境等有效措施，并且这些策略对学生的学习有了一定的促进作用。