摘要:小学数学教育是素质教育的奠基石，提高小学生的数学素养，是小学教育的主要目标之一。小学数学学困生问题是基础教育中普遍存在的一大问题，这不仅制约着小学生自身的发展，也对教师的教学进程、学生的学习环境等造成影响。各类研究表明，小学数学学困生可以通过教育转化，作为教师不应该放弃对这类学生的关注，而应该投入更多的耐心和热情，帮助其走出学不好数学的困境，达到正常水平，实现数学学习上的进步。本文主要从小学生自身以及教师、学校、家庭等方面分析了造成小学生数学学习困难的原因，有针对性地提出了一些具有实用价值的转化策略，希望能为小学数学学困生转化工作提供帮助。

关键词：小学数学学困生；成因；转化策略

ABSTRACT:Primary mathematics education is the cornerstone of the quality education, improve the primary students' mathematical literacy, is one of the main goals of primary school education. Primary school students with mathematical learning difficulties is one of the ubiquitous problems in basic education, which not only restricts the development of the pupils, but also impact teachers’ teaching process, students' learning environment. Various studies have demonstrated, that primary school students with mathematical learning difficulties can be transformate through education, as a teacher, should not give up on this kind of student's attention, and should put into more patience and enthusiasm, helping them out of the mathematics learning difficulties, reached the normal level, realize the progress of mathematics learning. This article mainly analysis from primary school students , teachers, school, family and other aspects about the reason that case of students' mathematics learning difficulties, and puts forward some valuable countermeasures, hoping to help transformate primary school students with  mathematical difficulties. 

Keywords: Primary school students with mathematical learning difficulties; causes; transformation strategy

　　　学习困难学生，简称学困生，指那些在知识、本领、品格、方法、体质等方面存在着偏离常规的难题，智力得不到正常开发，达不到课程标准的基本要求，需要经过有针对性的教育对策或医疗对策补救及矫治的学生。②而本文所研究的小学数学学困生主要是指智力正常，没有感官障碍，但在学习《数学课程标准》规定的内容方面较为落后的学生。他们的数学学习与潜能发挥之间存在着差距而导致学业的暂时“落伍”，需要通过有针对性的教育、教学等措施给予转化。

小学数学学困生的具体表现大致为：在知识技能方面，计算能力缺乏，缺乏对基本数量关系的理解，思维能力差，解决实际问题的能力差；在学习态度方面，缺少学习数学的兴趣和热情，并且没有毅力，对待作业不认真，上课不专心等。