摘要:学困生是国内外普遍存在的特殊群体，一直受到国内外教育工作者的关注并且对学困生的研究成果也颇为丰富。国外的布鲁姆、霍姆林斯基，以及我国的钟启泉和刘弘白教授等都对学困生进行过科学严谨的论述和研究。

　　　目前，国内外教育工作者大都从宏观上对学困生进行研究分析，对小学学困生尤其是小学数学学困生研究较少。因此，本文在现有研究的基础上，通过问卷调查、访谈和观察等方法，对影响小学数学学困生形成的主客观两方面的因素进行了分析，并试着提出可行的转化策略。

　　　本文共分为四个部分。第一部分主要对问题提出的背景、研究目的、研究意义以及研究方法进行介绍；第二部分是对国内外相关研究成果进行概述，并对小学数学学困生进行界定；第三部分分别从小学生数学学困生的学习兴趣、方法和习惯，教师的教学方法和教学态度，父母的教育方式等方面对小学数学学困生的成因进行了分析；第四部分是在分析的基础上，从学生、教师和父母三方面提出可行的转化策略。

关键词: 小学数学；学困生；数学学困生；成因；转化策略

Abstract:Students with learning difficulties Poor students are a special group exists at home and abroad, at home and abroad has been the concern of educators and research results of the underachievers also very rich. Abroad, Mr. Bloom Holm, as well as China's Zhong Qiquan and Professor Liu Hongbai and so on students with learning difficulties to discuss and study the scientific and precise.

　　　At present, most domestic and foreign educators macro students with learning difficulties, research and analysis, few studies of elementary school students with learning difficulties, especially in elementary school mathematics students with learning difficulties. Therefore, on the basis of the existing research through questionnaires, interviews and observation, affect the formation of elementary school mathematics students with learning difficulties both subjective and objective factors were analyzed, and try to put forward a viable strategy for transition.

　　　The paper is divided into four parts. The first part is mainly the question the background, purpose, significance and research methods are introduced; The second part is an overview of the relevant research results at home and abroad, and elementary school mathematics students with learning difficulties to define; Part III, respectively, from the primary school mathematics interest in learning of students with learning difficulties, methods and habits, teaching methods and attitudes of teachers, parents' education methods were analyzed in terms of the causes of elementary school mathematics students with learning difficulties; fourth part is the basis of the analysis, from the student, teachers and parents a viable strategy for transition.

Keywords  primary school mathematics   students    students with mathematical learning difficulties   causes    transformation strategy

　　　不管国内还是国外，学困生都是普遍存在的问题，是当今教育工作者讨论研究的重点。陶行知先生曾经说过：“你的教鞭下有瓦特，你的冷眼里有牛顿，你的讥笑里有爱迪生。”《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010—2020年)》中将“面向全体学生（包括学困生）、促进学生全面发展。”作为战略重点。因此，对小学数学学困生进行科学的分析研究，并且找出能有效转化小学数学学困生的策略，不管是对学困生本人、教师，还是国家和社会都具有重要的意义。

　　　本论文旨在通过对小学数学学困生的调查研究，分析影响小学数学学困生形成的的可能性因素，在分析的基础上尝试提出切实可行的转化策略，从而为小学数学教师从个别到整体的改变小学数学学困生的学习状况提供对策和建议，并为教育工作者进一步探讨小学数学学困生的成因和转化措施提供参考，进而在整体上提高教学质量，促进素质教育更加深入的发展。