摘要：本文研究尝试通过分析我国物理课堂教学中教师和学生的对话片断，辨析他们对话中的话语语义。同时，描述师生在物理课堂中使用的对话模式，总结课堂师生话语权现状如何，并尝试解析产生这种现状的原因。研究建议，物理课堂的话语权是物理教学中促进学生物理素养发展的社会文化结构的一个部分，应合理分配课程与教学中师生的话语权。从创新、素质教育、新课改等方面寻求改良途径，改革教育制度，调整课堂话语权结构，让师生、生生之间的对话公平有意义。使学生真正做到课堂的主人，自主思考提问并解决问题，而非在老师的权威下学习。

关键词:物理课堂  对话  课堂话语权 语义

Abstract：This paper attempts to analysis of the physical teaching teachers and students of the dialogue segments, analyzing their conversation, discoursing semantics. Meanwhile, the description of the physical classroom teachers and students in dialogue model used to sum up how the class status of teachers and students the right to speak, and try to resolve the reasons for this situation arising. Research suggests that physical classroom discourse to promote students of physics teaching the social and cultural development of physical literacy a part of the structure, curriculum and teaching should be a reasonable allocation of teachers and students the right to speak. In terms of the innovation, quality education, new curriculum, etc. for improved ways to reform the education system, adjust the structure of classroom discourse, teachers and students, fair and meaningful dialogue between life and life. So that students come be the truly master of classroom, independent thinking and problem-solving questions, rather than under the authority of the teacher learning.

Key words:physical classroom, discourse, classroom dialogue, semantics