摘要:本文运用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法对XX学院健美操选修课的400名女大学生，通过进行了大众健美操锻炼，并对其锻炼前和锻炼后身体形态和机能指标进行了分析。结果锻炼前后身体成份的各项指标比较表明，上臂、肩胛、髂部及腹部的皮脂厚度和体脂百分比、体脂重及瘦体重各项指标均呈现高度显著性差异。胸围、大腿围、小腿围呈现显著性差异，腰围呈现高度显著性差异，而腰臀比则呈现显著性差异。机体的生理机能也有较明显的影响。结论长期参加大众健美操锻炼可消除体内多余脂肪、降低体脂，增强肌力，使外型更加健美和谐；同时有效地改善心肺功能，提高人体的有氧耐力，对预防心血管疾病具有重要作用。

关键词：大众健美操操；女大学生；身体形态；影响分析

Abstract:In this paper, using the method of literature, experimental method, mathematical statistics method of Nanjing Xiaozhuang University aerobics elective course of 400 female university students, through the mass aerobics exercise, and the exercise before and after exercise to body shape and function index were analyzed. Results before and after exercise body composition indicators comparison shows, upper arm, shoulder, iliac and abdominal skin fold thickness and body fat percentage, body fat and lean body mass index showed a highly significant difference. Chest, thigh, calf circumference showed a significant difference is highly significant difference, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio showed significant difference. The body's physiological function also has the obvious effect. Conclusion long-term participation in mass calisthenics can eliminate excess body fat, reduce body fat, increase strength, so that the appearance of a strong harmony; at the same time effective to improve heart and lung function, improve the body's aerobic endurance, for the prevention of cardiovascular disease has important role.

KEYWORDS: Popular aerobics gymnastics; female university students; body shape; effect analysis

　　大众健美操是一项全身的、大运动量、快节奏的运动，是以人体肌肉活动特有的运动形式产生的负荷作用于人体,通过运动,有目的地发展肌肉的力量、速成度和弹性,发展关节、韧带的柔韧性,并能捉进心肺功能和神经系统机能的提高。健美操动作活泼多变,富有弹性,造型美观,朝气蓬勃,追求实效,对称动作多,练习密度大,有针对性。能够有效地训练身体各有关部位的正确姿态,为身体匀称、和谐地发展,使轮廓线条清晰而优美,有利于培养健美的体态和风度,塑健美的体形。健美操的动作美主要表现在节奏、力度和幅度上,即要求练习者在一定节奏下,以最大幅度、快速有力的肌肉收缩完成一定身体负荷的练习。大众健美操的节奏一般表现为动作的强弱和速度的快慢的规律性变化。相同的动作由于幅度的增大或减小,速度加快或减速慢等节奏性的变化,就可体现出丰富的内容。通过练习能增强肌肉弹性和伸展能力,从而加大动作的幅度,体现动作的美感。为此选择了女大学生普遍喜爱的大众健美操锻炼项目，针对女大学生的生理特点制定合理的锻炼内容，指导她们进行科学的锻炼，旨在改善其身体外型结构，提高健康水平。