摘 要:单梁桥式起重机桥架的主梁多采用工字型钢或钢型与钢板的组合截面。起重小车常为手拉葫芦、电动葫芦或用葫芦作为起升机构部件装配而成。起重小车在单根工字钢上运动。桥式起重机是横架于车间、仓库和料场上空进行物料吊运的起重设备。由于它的两端坐落在高大的水泥柱或者金属支架上，形状似桥。桥式起重机的桥架沿铺设在两侧高架上的轨道纵向运行，可以充分利用桥架下面的空间吊运物料，不受地面设备的阻碍。它是使用范围最广、数量最多的一种起重机械。桥式起重机是现代工业生产和起重运输中实现生产过程机械化、自动化的重要工具和设备。 所以桥式起重机在室内外工矿企业、钢铁化工、铁路交通、港口码头以及物流周转等部门和场所均得到广泛的运用。

　　　单轨悬挂起重机是一种轻小起重设备，在工字钢轨道上运行，有电动和手动之分，重物挂在其上，比较简单，应用较多。根据标准号：JB/T 1306-94中电动单梁起重机的定义：

　　　LD型电动单梁起重机是指：电动葫芦小车在主梁下翼缘运行，电动葫芦布置在主梁下方的桥式起重机。

关键词：单梁；桥式；葫芦；小车；大车

ABSTRACT:Single girder overhead crane bridge girder to use more of the word steel or steel type with steel composite section. Lifting trolley often chain hoist, electric hoist or hoist as lifting mechanism parts assembly. Lifting the car in motion on a single beam. Bridge crane is Hengjia in workshops, warehouses and empty field for material lifting material lifting equipment. Because of its ends located in the tall concrete pillars or metal bracket, shaped like a bridge. Overhead crane overhead bridge along the laying of tracks on both sides longitudinally running, you can take advantage of the space under the bridge lifting material from ground equipment obstacles. It is the most widely used, the largest number of a lifting machinery. Bridge crane is a modern industrial production and lifting and transport in the production process of mechanization and automation of the important tools and equipment. So overhead crane and mining enterprises in the interior and exterior, steel chemical, railway transportation, port and logistics flow and other departments and sites are widely applied.

　　　Monorail suspension crane is a light small lifting equipment, the beam orbit, with electric and manual of the points, weight hanging on it, relatively simple, used more often. According to Standard No.: JB / T 1306-94 in electric single-girder crane definition:

　　　LD electric single-girder crane means: hoist trolley runs in the bottom flange of the main beam, electric hoist arranged at the bottom of the main girder bridge crane.

Keywords: Single girder; bridge type; gourd; trolley; carts