摘要

　　　微生物絮凝剂（Microbial Flocculants，简称MBF）是利用生物技术，通过生物发酵、抽提、精制而得到的一种具有生物分解性和安全性的新型、高效、无毒、廉价的水处理剂。其主要活性成分是两性多聚电解质的蛋白质、多糖、纤维素和DNA[1][2]等。我国的研究人员进行了大量的絮凝剂产生菌发酵条件、成分分析、絮凝机理和应用的研究，并且已经有越来越多的人开始认识到生物絮凝剂的开发潜力及其必要性，正在积极投入到这方面的工作中[3][4][5[6]。在研究和探索过程中，微生物菌种在传代繁殖过程中将不断地受环境条件的影响，多数情况下会出现退化现象。为了使研究得到最优化的效果，同时使微生物的优良性状持久延续下去，需要对菌种进行必要的复壮工作。

　　　本文阐述了微生物絮凝剂的研究背景；着重研究了微生物的絮凝机理；通过比对不同复壮方法培养下的微生物浊度及生长量，探索不同的复壮方法对微生物产生絮凝剂的影响；通过研究产生絮凝剂的菌种的特性推导符合该菌种的絮凝机理。

关键词：微生物絮凝剂 菌种的特性 絮凝机理 菌种复壮

Abstract

　　　Flocculant (Microbial Flocculants, referred to as the MBF) is the use of biotechnology, through fermentation, extraction, refining and get a kind of biodegradable and safety of new, efficient, non-toxic, low-cost water treatment agent. The main active ingredient is a protein of gender poly-electrolytes, polysaccharides, cellulose, and DNA and so on. Researchers in China have done a lot of flocculant-producing bacteria fermentation conditions, composition analysis, flocculation mechanism and application of research, and has more and more people begin to realize the potential of bio-flocculant and the need for the development and is actively into this work. In research and exploration process, the microbial strains in the passage by the breeding process will continue to influence environmental conditions, in most cases there will be degradation. In order to study the most optimal results, while making a lasting micro-organisms continue the good traits, the need for rejuvenation of the necessary work of bacteria.     This paper describes the research background of microbial flocculant; focuses on the mechanism of microbial flocculation; rejuvenation through different methods of cultivation than under the turbidity and growth of microorganisms, explore different methods of rejuvenation of the impact of microbial flocculant; generated through research flocculation characteristics of the strains found in the strains derived flocculation mechanism.

Keywords: characteristics of microbial flocculant  flocculation mechanism   bacteria strains Rejuvenation