摘要

　　　地铁和地铁站是北京人流量很大的地方，其空气质量对乘客的身体健康有着影响。地铁和地铁站空气质量决定于其内其外的污染来源、通风换气方式和空气交换率等多项因素。

　　　本论文旨在分析调查北京地铁和地铁站内空气污染的现状，并对北京地铁和地铁站内空气污染情况进行综合评价。

　　　可以为北京市民使用地铁健康出行提供参考，同时可以为地铁和地铁站内空气质量检测的标准化和其内空气质量国家标准的制定提供参考和依据。

　　　选择北京地铁十号线地铁和地铁换乘站进行了其内部空气中一氧化碳、二氧化碳、颗粒物及总挥发性有机物浓度的监测，与此同时，由于目前尚无关于交通工具内空气质量的国家标准，故参照国家室内空气质量标准（GB/T 18883--2002）的规定对北京地铁及地铁站内的空气质量进行了评价，同时采用姚志麒提出的最高值与平均值兼顾的空气质量指数法对地铁内和地铁站内微环境空气质量进行评价。

　　　通过监测数据分析得出结果北京地铁内在上下班高峰期二氧化碳（CO2）污染较重，含量超标；总挥发性有机物（TVOC）偶尔会有超标，但平均没有超标；一氧化碳（CO）和颗粒物（PM10）都没有超标。在非高峰期地铁内一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化碳（CO2）、颗粒物（PM10）和总挥发性有机物（TVOC）都没有超标。北京地铁换乘站内一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化碳（CO2）、颗粒物（PM10）和总挥发性有机物（TVOC）都没有超标，但在人流量大时颗粒物（PM10）会偏高。

　　　地铁十号线车厢内和换乘站内二氧化碳（CO2）是首要污染物。其内内空气质量等级是2级。

关键词：空气污染；  一氧化碳；  二氧化碳；  总挥发性有机物；  颗粒物

Abstract

Beijing subway and subway station is a great place to flow, the air quality has on the health of passengers. Metro and metro station decided to air quality in its external sources of pollution within its, ventilation and air exchange rate means a number of factors.     This paper aims to analyze the survey and the Beijing Metro subway station the status of air pollution, and Beijing Metro subway stations and a comprehensive evaluation of air pollution.     Beijing subway for public use to provide travel health information, while Metro and subway stations for air quality testing and standardization of its national air quality standards provide a reference and basis.     Select Beijing Subway Line subway station and subway transfer its internal air carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, particulate matter and total concentration of volatile organic compounds monitoring, at the same time, as there is no means of transport on air quality within national standard Therefore, according to the national indoor air quality standard (GB / T 18883 - 2002) the provisions of the Beijing Metro subway stations and air quality were evaluated, while the highest value presented by Yao Zhiqi balanced with the average air quality index on the subway and subway stations within the micro-environment within the air quality assessment.     The results obtained through analysis of monitoring data on the Beijing subway rush hour internal carbon dioxide (CO2) pollution, heavy, content exceeded; total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) occasionally exceeded, but the average is not exceeded; carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM10 ) are not exceeded. In carbon monoxide-peak Metro (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), particulate matter (PM10) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) are not exceeded. Beijing subway transfer station carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), particulate matter (PM10) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) are not exceeded, but in the large flow of people particulate matter (PM10) will be high.     Subway Line and the transfer station inside the carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary pollutant. Air quality within their rating is level 2.     

Key Words：Air pollution；  Carbon monoxide；  Carbon dioxide；  TVOC；  Particle matter．