译文（字数 3063）

侵犯商誉权；南非案例中的基本法律原则

作者: 凡德尔莫维安德利

出版物来源：《法律》 ，2013年，46（4）：1039-1055

1 介绍

在南非案例中，侵犯商誉权这种不合法的行为已经通过现有的南非法律处理过很多种类似如此的情况。法院已相应的确定了一些情况引起的赔偿责任的处罚法规。其中最著名的一些象征性的侵权案件，例如假冒的他人设计的标记或图案等。

对于发现不合法竞争的责任认定需要第一个行动或实施的人对另一个采取同样操作的人进行指控。要评估一个特定的行为是否会引起法律责任，当然如果其侵犯行为还满足其他非法条件通常会涉及到对以已确定判例法为背景对其可申诉的可能性进行有效的评估。

很明显的这种情况会导致不合法竞争的责任不是源于物权法定原则，但是法院会在法律原则上对其解释进行不断的扩充。要使之形成普通法律的一部分，通过法庭上出现争议的频率来扩充解释是很慢的。

外文原文（字符数 10457）

Infringement of the right to goodwill; the basic legal principles in relation to South African case law

Author Andres Vander Merowe

Publication source《De Jure》, 2013, 46(4): 1039-1055.

1 Introduction

Infringement of the right to goodwill as a requirement in proving a conduct of unlawful competition under South African common law has been dealt with under a variety of situations in South African case law. The courts have accordingly identified a number of circumstances that give rise to liability. The most well-known of these is an infringement of a symbol such as a mark or device by way of an action of “passing off”.

A finding of liability on the grounds of unlawful competition requires as first step an act or conduct by a person that is alleged by another to be actionable. Assessing whether a specific act will give rise to liability, naturally if all the other dialectal requirements are met, will normally involve its assessment against the backdrop of the actionable circumstances that have been identified in case law.