摘要:个人破产是指当作为债务人的自然人的全部资产不能清偿到期债务时，由法院依法宣告其破产并对其财产进行清算和分配，对其债务进行豁免以及确定债务人在破产程序中与破产结束后的责任与义务。本论文就境外部分国家的个人破产制度发展历史以及现有的个人破产制度进行分析，着重于描写个人破产制度的结构，结合我国目前的经济、法律以及制度，对我国个人破产制度的立法提出建议。

关键词：个人破产；债务清偿；程序结构

Abstract:Personal bankruptcy is when all of the assets as a natural person of the debtor can not repay debts due by the court shall be declared bankrupt and its assets for liquidation and distribution of its debt exemption and to determine the debtor in the bankruptcy proceedings end with the bankruptcy-responsibilities and obligations. This thesis is to analyze the history of the development of some countries outside the personal bankruptcy system as well as existing personal bankruptcy, focusing on the personal bankruptcy system, combined with China's current economic, legal and institutional recommendations for personal bankruptcy legislation .   

Key words:Personal bankruptcy;credit system;program structure

我国至今还在采用企业法人破产主义，而对于我国是否应该赋予自然人破产能力仍存在较大分歧，目前为止理论界对于我国是否采用破产制度的研究并不深入，实践中又受制于种种不完善的制度和配套措施。而国外对个人破产制度的研究已达较高水准且更加重视和强调对债务人的救济和免责，值得我国借鉴和学习。但是，由于各国的情况千差万别，国情的不同又决定了我国不能照抄照搬国外的破产制度。因此笔者认为有必要对我国破产制度的进行研究，构建出一部以我国经济制度、法律制度为基础的个人破产制度。